Kern_2013

KERN: Site-specific installations in the park of the Leonhardi Kulturprojekte foundation by Adam Fearon and Filippa Pettersson. On searching by leaving and making when unravelling.

The German word 'Kern' translates in English as 'Kernal'. The kernal is the softer, usually edible part of a nut, seed, or fruit stone contained within its hard shell, or the seed and hard husk of a cereal, especially wheat. The Figurative sense of "core or central part of anything" was first recorded in the 1550s. Whilst, since the 1980s, it can also mean the most basic level or core of an operating system of a computer, responsible for resource allocation, file management, and security. The word comes from the Old English word, 'cyrnel', which itself from Proto-Germanic ‘kurnilo’ (see for example Middle High German kornel and Middle Dutch cornel). This comes from the root of ‘corn’ with an -el, diminutive suffix. In old English, ‘corn’ meant ‘grain with the seed still in it’ rather than any particular plant and stems from the Proto-Germanic ‘kurnam’, meaning "small seed" from Proto-IndoEuropean root ‘gre-no’, ‘grain’. Locally, ‘corn’ was understood to denote the leading crop of a district. Restricted to the indigenous "maize" in America (first use recorded 1600, originally ‘Indian corn’, but the adjective was later dropped), and then usually wheat in England, oats in Scotland and Ireland, while Korn means "rye" in parts of Germany. Maize was introduced to China by 1550, it thrived where rice did not grow well and was a significant factor in the 18th century population boom there. Cornflakes first recorded 1907. Corned beef so called for the "corns" or grains of salt with which it is preserved; from verb corn "to salt" (1560s). The American slang, ‘To cornhole’, synonymous with "do anal intercourse" by 1930s, apparently the reference is to a game played in the farming regions of the Ohio Valley in the U.S. from 19c., in which players take turns throwing a small bag full of feed corn at a raised platform with a hole in it. Additionally, the word nucleus, first attested in 1704 as meaning ‘kernal’, and in 1708 as the ‘head of a comet’ comes from the latin for kernal, ‘nuclueus’, which itself from nucula "little nut," diminutive of nux "nut," from Proto-IndoEuropean *kneu- "nut" (related to Irish ‘cnu’, Welsh ‘cneuen’, Old Norse hnot etc). General sense of "central part or thing, about which others cluster" is from 1762. Use in reference to cells first recorded 1831. Modern atomic meaning is 1912, first by Ernest Rutherford, though theoretical use for "central point of an atom" is from 1844, by Victorian scientist Michael Faraday. In English, first attested in the 1680s, ‘kern’ means the ‘part of a metal type projecting beyond the body," as the head of an -f- or the tail of a -j-, from French carne "projecting angle, quill of a pen," from Latin ‘cardinem’ "hinge." There is an additional historical meaning of the word, ‘kern’, from the Irish ceithern, both meaning ‘band of foot soldiers.’

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Kern |